Building cyber resilience at national scale: Why strategy matters more than ever Giacomo AssenzaDr. William ZhangFrancesca Spidalieri January 26, 2026 This page in: English

https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/digital-development/building-cyber-resilience-at-national-scale--why-strategy-matter In 2017, a ransomware spread across multiple countries, causing an estimated $10 billion in damage to businesses worldwide. More recently, in Costa Rica, a major incident in 2022 forced the government to declare a national state of emergency and resulted in losses up to 2.4% of GDP.