Africa Squeezed Between Import Substitution and Dependency Syndrome By Kester Kenn Klomegah Copyright © 2026 IPS-Inter Press Service.

https://www.ipsnews.net/2026/01/africa-squeezed-between-import-substitution-and-dependency-syndrome/?utm_source=email_marketing&utm_admin=146128&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=US_Withdrawal_From_Organizations_Triggers_Global_Alarm_Maternal_Deaths_Spike_in_WarTorn_Ukraine_and_ MOSCOW, Jan 8 2026 (IPS) - Squeezed between import substitution and dependency syndrome, a condition characterized by a set of associated economic symptoms—that is rules and regulations—majority of African countries are shifting from United States and Europe to an incoherent alternative bilateral partnerships with Russia, China and the Global South. Copyright © 2026 IPS-Inter Press Service.